A Comparative Study between Jordanian Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient (U-Value) and International Building Codes, With Thermal Bridges Effect Investigation
Keywords:
building envelope, energy efficiency, Jordanian and international building code, heating degree-day, heating and cooling loads
Abstract
Depletion of fossil fuel and the environmental effect associated with the use of it have made the topic of “thermal insulation regulations” a major concern in country Jordan and worldwide. This paper reviews the overall heat transfer coefficient U-value in Jordanian code for the building envelope, which represents how much the building envelope transfer heat to the outside environment. U-value was reviewed with respect to the following factors, heating degree days, the heating load required to achieve thermal comfort. Based on the review a new U-value of 0.65 W/m2.K was proposed and it was found that this value reduces the energy demand almost 50%. Moreover, the thermal bridge effect was investigated and it was found that an obvious increase in the U-value is present when having thermal bridges; this will affect the energy demand, almost 200%.
References
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Tyagi, V. V., Pandey, A. K., Buddhi, D., & Kothari, R. (2016). Thermal performance assessment of encapsulated PCM based thermal management system to reduce peak energy demand in buildings. Energy and Buildings, 117, 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.01.042
Zedan, M. F., Al-Sanea, S., Al-Mujahid, A., & Al-Suhaibani, Z. (2016). Effect of thermal bridges in insulated walls on air-conditioning loads using whole building energy analysis. Sustainability, 8(6), 560. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8060560
Alimohammadisagvand, B., Jokisalo, J., Kilpeläinen, S., Ali, M., & Sirén, K. (2016). Cost-optimal thermal energy storage system for a residential building with heat pump heating and demand response control. Applied Energy, 174, 275-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.013
Alkhalidi, A., Qoaider, L., Khashman, A., Al-Alami, A. R., & Jiryes, S. (2018). Energy and water as indicators for sustainable city site selection and design in Jordan using smart grid. Sustainable cities and society, 37, 125-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.10.037
Alkhalidi, A., & Hassan, W. (2018). Comparing between best energy efficient techniques worldwide with existing solution implemented in Al-Ahliyya Amman University. Int J of Thermal & Environ Eng, 17, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5383/ijtee.17.01.001
Alkhalidi, A., Jarad, H., & Juaidy, M. (2016). Glass properties selection effect on LEED points for core and shell high rise residential building in Jordan. Int. J. Therm. Environ. Eng, 13(1), 29-35.
Alkhalidi, A., Khawaja, M. K., & Abusubaih, D. (2020). Energy efficient cooling and heating of aquaponics facilities based on regional climate. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, 15(2), 287-298. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctz053
Alkhalidi, A., & Hatuqay, D. (2020). Energy efficient 3D printed buildings: Material and techniques selection worldwide study. Journal of Building Engineering, 30, 101286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101286
Alkhalidi, A., & Aljolani, O. (2020). Do green buildings provide benefits to the residential sector in Jordan? Yes, but…. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, 15(3), 319-327. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctz080
Alkhalidi, A., Abuothman, A., AlDweik, A., & Al-Bazaz, A. H. (2020). Is it a possibility to achieve energy plus prefabricated building worldwide?. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctaa056
Alkhalidi, A., & Zaytoun, Y. N. (2020). Reuse Waste Material and Carbon Dioxide Emissions to Save Energy and Approach Sustainable Lightweight Portable Shelters. Environmental and Climate Technologies, 24(1), 143-161. https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0009
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.2-(2004), Energy Efficient Design of Low-Rise Residential Buildings, Section 5.5, ASHRAE, Atlanta, USA.
Arena, L. B. (2016). Construction Guidelines for High R-Value Walls without Exterior Rigid Insulation (No. NREL/SR-5500-65147; DOE/GO-102016-4783). Steven Winter Associates, Inc., Norwalk, CT (United States). Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings. https://doi.org/10.2172/1324032
Awadallah, T., Adas, H., Obaidat, Y., & Jarrar, I. (2009). Energy efficient building code for Jordan. Energy, 1.
Berry, S., & Davidson, K. (2016). Improving the economics of building energy code change: A review of the inputs and assumptions of economic models. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 58, 157-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.220
Binggeli, C. (2003). Building systems for interior designers. John Wiley & Sons.
Buildings Surveys Statistics Team, U.S. Energy Information Administration, 1000 Independence Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20585.
Echeverría¹, J. B., Sánchez-Ostiz, A., & González, P. (2016). Ten years of performance building code in Spain (2006-2016): facing the challenge of climate change. Creating built environments of new opportunities, 1, 841.
Eichhammer, W., & Schlomann, B. (1998). A comparison of thermal building regulations in the European Union. Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe.
Jaber, S., & Ajib, S. (2011). Optimum, technical and energy efficiency design of residential building in Mediterranean region. Energy and Buildings, 43(8), 1829-1834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.03.024
Koirala, B. S., & Bohara, A. K. (2020). Do energy efficiency building codes help minimize the efficiency gap in the US? A dynamic panel data approach. Energy & Environment, 0958305X20943881. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958305X20943881
Little, J., & Arregi, B. (2011). Thermal bridging-Understanding its critical role in energy efficiency.
Manu, S., Shukla, Y., Rawal, R., Thomas, L. E., & De Dear, R. (2016). Field studies of thermal comfort across multiple climate zones for the subcontinent: India Model for Adaptive Comfort (IMAC). Building and Environment, 98, 55-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.12.019
Moral, F. J., Pulido, E., Ruíz, A., & López, F. (2017). Climatic zoning for the calculation of the thermal demand of buildings in Extremadura (Spain). Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 129(3-4), 881-889. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-016-1815-9
Mohsen, M. S., & Akash, B. A. (2001). Some prospects of energy savings in buildings. Energy conversion and management, 42(11), 1307-1315. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-8904(00)00140-0
Nahlik, M. J., Chester, M. V., Pincetl, S. S., Eisenman, D., Sivaraman, D., & English, P. (2017). Building thermal performance, extreme heat, and climate change. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 23(3), 04016043. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000349
Rodríguez-Soria, B., Domínguez-Hernández, J., Pérez-Bella, J. M., & del Coz-Díaz, J. J. (2014). Review of international regulations governing the thermal insulation requirements of residential buildings and the harmonization of envelope energy loss. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 34, 78-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.03.009
Stephenson, J., & London District Surveyors Association. (2013). Building regulations explained. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203310601
The Saudi Building Code National Committee (2007). The Saudi Building Code (SBC)—Section 601: Energy Conservation. Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 196.
Tyagi, V. V., Pandey, A. K., Buddhi, D., & Kothari, R. (2016). Thermal performance assessment of encapsulated PCM based thermal management system to reduce peak energy demand in buildings. Energy and Buildings, 117, 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.01.042
Zedan, M. F., Al-Sanea, S., Al-Mujahid, A., & Al-Suhaibani, Z. (2016). Effect of thermal bridges in insulated walls on air-conditioning loads using whole building energy analysis. Sustainability, 8(6), 560. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8060560
Published
2021-01-12
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