UA-IL-DLLME-LC-MS/MS Method for the Detection of Chlorfenapyr and Its Metabolites

  • Liu Jiao Wu Guangxi Jingui Forensic Science Institute, China
  • Li Dong Lu Guangxi Jingui Forensic Science Institute, China
  • Ning Wang Guangxi Jingui Forensic Science Institute, China
  • Di Liang School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, China
  • Xian Ju School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, China
  • Sheng Yu Qin Guangxi Jingui Forensic Science Institute, China
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30560/mhs.v8n2p105
Keywords: chlorfenapyr, tralopyril, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, LC-MS/MS, forensic toxicology

Abstract

This study established an ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid–dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UA-IL-DLLME-LC-MS/MS) method for the detection of chlorfenapyr and its toxic metabolite tralopyril in blood samples. Chlorfenapyr is a broad-spectrum pyrrole insecticide that is metabolized into tralopyril upon entering the organism, disrupting oxidative phosphorylation and leading to highly lethal poisoning. Compared to the conventional liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method, which is complex and time-consuming, the proposed approach offers advantages such as low organic solvent consumption, rapid extraction, and high efficiency. The experimental conditions were optimized, and the method was validated for specificity, linear range, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, and precision. The results demonstrate that this method is simple, efficient, and highly sensitive, making it suitable for clinical and forensic toxicological analyses.

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MRM chromatograms of blank (A1-3) and blood samples supplemented with chlorfenapyr (B1), tralopyril (B2), and warfarin-D5 (B3)
Published
2025-06-14
Issue
Vol 8 No 2 (2025)
Section
Articles
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