Implementation of Ecotourism Empowerment in Coastal Border of West Kalimantan
Keywords:
coastal border, community empowerment, development, ecotourism, participatory
Abstract
Development must be an important and strategic priority, especially in the coastal border village area to prevent economic disparity, community conflict, and national disintegration. The research aims to analyze the implementation of the empowerment of coastal border of West Kalimantan. The research used qualitative methods of Participatory Learning and Action (PLA), data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation analysis, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The research took place in the coastal border area of Temajuk Village, Paloh District, Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan. Informants heve been purposively selected namely activists, students, community leaders, village government, business groups, academics, and tourists. The research analysis through interactive models by collecting data, reduce, verification, categorization and conclusions. The results showed that (1) Implementation of empowerment can be carried out by conducting counseling and training so as to increase awareness, motivation, knowledge, skills and solidarity between participants from the younger generation who form ecotourism community development. (2) Community development has been successfully formed from a young generation with the name "The Borneo tail" to become an activist who preserves and manages the potential of ecotourism by having the spirit of being a public relations (tourism guide), promotional and marketing services, and typical food and beverage entrepreneurs. (3) Development must continue to be improved, namely road infrastructure, availability of electricity and access to telecommunications networks (internet) as a support in the development of ecotourism, especially in Temajuk Village which is still limited and dependent on Malaysian territory. (4) The village and regional governments, academics, activists of empowerment, environmentalists and tourists need to collaborate in carrying out sustainable ecotourism empowerment programs for Borneo tails as community development.
References
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Bintari, P. N., & Darmawan, C. (2016). Peran Pemuda sebagai Penerus Tradisi Sambatan dalam Rangka Pembentukan Karakter Gotong Royong. Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial, 25(1), 57-76. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpis.v25i1.3670
Darmawan. (2001). Penyusunan Program Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil Secara Terpadu. Prosiding Pelatihan Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir Terpadu. Pusat Kajian Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan Institut Pertanian Bogor, 29 Oktober - 3 November 2001, 1-13.
Dewi, M. A., & Rachmawati, I. (2018). Kendala dan strategi pengembangan kawasan wisata perbatasan IndonesiaPapua Nugini di Sota Kabupaten Merauke. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik, 31(4), 400-409. https://doi.org/10.20473/mkp.V31I42018.400-409
Dharmasaputra, R. (2009). Manajemen dan Reformasi Sektor Keamanan. Jakarta: IDSPS Press.
Djunaedi, A. (2002). Perencanaan Pengembangan Kawasan Pesisir. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan, 3(3), 225-231. https://doi.org/10.29122/jtl.v3i3.259
Druzhinin, A. G., Lachininskii, S. V., & Mikhaylov, A. S. (2016). The Factors and Possibilities of Cross-Border Clusters Development in A Coastal Zone of Russia of The Black and The Baltic Sea. Conference Proceedings, 3rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM 2016. http://www.sgemsocial.org, SGEM2016.5(2), 755-762, https://doi.org/10.5593/SGEMSOCIAL2016/B25/S07.099
El Hasanah, L. N. (2015). Pengembangan Wirausaha Muda Ekonomi Kreatif Berbasis Budaya di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Journal Studi Pemuda, 4(2), 268-280, https://doi.org/10.22146/studipemudaugm.36812
Firdaus, M., & Rahadian, R., (2018). Peran Sektor Perikanan Pada Wilayah Pesisir Perbatasan Kalimantan Barat. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan, 13(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v13i1.6843
Ginting, A. M. (2013). Kendala Pembangunan Provinsi Daerah Kepulauan: Stud Kasus Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Politica, 4(1), 49-75. https://doi.org/10.22212/jp.v4i1.328
Hakim, L., Siswanto, D., & Makaghosi, N. (2017). Mangrove Conservation in East Java: The Ecotourism Development Perspectives. Journal of Tropical Life Science, 7(3), 277-285, https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.07.03.14
Hassan, M. I., & Rahmat, M. H. (2016). The Effect of Coastline Changes to Local Community’s Social-Economic. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-4/W1, 2016 International Conference on Geomatic and Geospatial Technology (GGT) 2016, 3-5 October 2016, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 25-36. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W1-25-2016
Itika, J. S. (2016). Fundamentals of human resource management Emerging experiences from Africa. African Public Administration and Management series, 2. Leiden: African Studies Centre.
Khairunnisa., Fahrudin, A., & Kusumastanto, T. (2017). Penilaian Ekonomi Wisata Pesisir Kawasan Carocok Painan, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia, 18(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v18i1.672
Kotsoni, A., Dimelli, D., & Ragia, L. (2017). Land Use Planning for Sustainable Development of Coastal Regions. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Geographical Information Systems Theory, Applications and Management (GISTAM 2017), 290-294. http://doi.org/10.5220/0006370802900294
Kour, F. (2018). Kajian ekonomi dan kebijakan pengelolaan Pulau Lirang, Maluku Barat Daya, Indonesia. Journal Akuatikisle, 2(1), 22-29. https://doi.org/10.29239/j.akuatikisle.2.1.22-29
Kumar, S. (2002). Methods for Community Participation: A complete guide for practitioners. London: ITDG Publishing.
Lasabuda, R. (2013). Pembangunan Daerah Pesisir dan Lautan dalam Perspektif Negara Kepulauan RI. Journal Ilmiah Platax, 1(2), 92-101. https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.1.2.2013.1251
Latif, T. A., Ramadan, S. T., & Galal, A. M. (2012). Egyptian coastal regions development through economic diversity for its coastal cities. HBRC Journal, 8(3), 252-262, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hbrcj.2012.10.009
Miles. M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J., (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook: Edition 3. Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore & Washington DC: SAGE Publication.
Muazir, S., & Hsieh, H. C. (2013). Borderlands and Tourism Development in Kalimantan Island: Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia - Sarawak, Malaysia “Head to Head”. Journal of Design and Built Environment, 13(1), 1-12. https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/jdbe/article/view/5336
Nugroho, M.A. (2011). Pemberdayaan Pulau Terluar Tidak Berpenghuni Di Sekitar Selat Malaka Dalam Meningkatkan Ketahanan Negara (Perspektif Strategis Ketahanan Nasional). Tesis. Universitas Indonesia.
Obidzinski, K., Adriyanto, A., & Wijaya, C. (2007). Cross-border timber trade in Indonesia: critical or overstated problem? Forest governance lessons from Kalimantan. International Forestry Review, 9(1), 526-535. https://doi.org/10.1505/ifor.9.1.526
Okoli, D. I., & Okoli, E. I. (2013). Youth Empowerment through Entrepreneurial Development in Nigeria. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 3(9), 147-151. https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2013.v3n9p147
Oyekan, S. O. (2015). The Role of Orientation in Youth Empowerment for National Development.European Journal of Social Science Education and Research, 2(4), 297-310, https://doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v5i1.p297-310
Pauwelussen, A. (2016). Community as network: exploring a relational approach to social resilience in coastal Indonesia. Maritime Studies, 5(2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40152-016-0041-5
Pigawati, B. (2005). Identifikasi Potensi dan Pemetaan Sumberdaya Pesisir Pulau - Pulau Kecil dan Laut Kabupaten Natuna - Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan, 10(4), 226-239, http://10.14710/ik.ijms.10.4.229-236
Pranajaya, A., & Wardhani, M. K. (2012). Kajian Pengelolaan Pesisir dan Laut Lintas Negara (Review Perbandingan Teluk Persia dan Indonesia). Jurnal Kelautan, 5(1), 8-14, https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v5i1.929
Pretty, J. N., Guijt, I., Thompson, J., & Scoones, I. (1995). A Trainer’s Guide for Participatory Learning and Action. London: International Institute for Environment and Development.
Purnamasari, W., Kara, M. H., Sabri, M. A. R., & Amiruddin, K. (2016). Perkembangan Pembangunan Ekonomi Kawasan Perbatasan Negara Indonesia Malaysia Di Sambas. Jurnal Diskursus Islam, 4(2), 217-247. https://doi.org/10.24252/jdi.v4i2.7364
Puspaningrum, D., & Agustina, T. Pendekatan Pra (Participatory Research Appraisal) Dalam Pengembangan Kopi Arabika Specialty Ketinggian Sedang Bebasis Kawasan di Kabupaten Jember. Journal Agribest, 1(2), 187-200. https://doi.org/10.32528/agribest.v1i2.1157
Putra, M. K. (2010). Politik Hukum Pembangunan Kawaesan Perbatasan Kesatuan Republik Indonesia Berbasis Teknologi Geospasial. Disertasi. Universitas Brawijaya.
Raheem, S, (2016). Review Paper Youth Empowerment Leveraging on Entrepreneurship. Wilolud Journals, 7(1), 45-60. https://doi.org/10.5707/cjsd.2016.7.1.45.60
Rhama, B. (2018). The Analysis of the Central Kalimantan Tourism Development Plan Based on Ecotourism Policy Perspective. Policy & Governance Review, 2(3), 2580-4820. https://doi.org/10.30589/pgr.v2i3.110
Sabahan, & Evita, R. (2017). Zonasi Lanskap Ekowisata Pesisir Kecamatan Paloh Kalimantan Barat. Jurnal Arsitektur Lansekap, 3(1), 32-38. https://doi.org/10.24843/JAL.2017.v03.i01.p04
Silmi, A. F. (2017). Participatory Learning And Action (PLA) di Desa Terpencil Peran LSM PROVISI Yogyakarta dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Lubuk Bintialo Sumatra Selatan. Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat: Media Pemikiran dan Dakwah Pembangunan, 1(1), 81-98. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpm.2017.011-05
Sulaiman, A. I. (2013). Model Komunikasi Formal dan Informal dalam Proses Kegiatan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat. Jurnal Penelitian Komunikasi, 16(2), 173-188. https://doi.org/10.20422/jpk.v16i2.38
Sulaiman, A. I., Masrukin, & Suswanto, B. (2019). The Implementation of Community Empowerment Model as a Harmonization in the Village Traumatized by Terrorism Case. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 7(1), 59-80. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v7i1.257
Sutrisno, E. (2014). Implementasi Pengolahan Sumber daya Pesisir Berbasis Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir. Journal Dinamika Hukum, 14(1), 1-12. http://10.20884/1.jdh.2014.14.1.272
Talib, A. (2018). Peluang dan Tantangan Industri Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan dalam Mendukung Terwujudnya Lumbung Ikan Nasional (LIN) di Maluku Utara. Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan, 11(1). http://10.29239/j.agrikan.11.1.19-27
Van Geenhuizen, M., & Rietveld, P. (2011). Land‐borders and sea‐borders: An exploration of differences in border region development. Journal of Borderlands Studies, 17(2), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2002.9695591
Wibawa, L. (2013). Pemberdayaan Pemuda Melalui Social Capital. Prosiding Seminar Nasional: Pengembangan Masyarakat Berbasis Modal Sosial. Yogyakarta: UNY, 137-142.
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2019-10-17
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