Humanities and Social Science Research

The Trauma of Broad-Based Inclusion for Students with Autism

Gary Shkedy — 2020-05-09

Inclusion is a model where students with disabilities spend most/all of their time in an educational setting with non-disabled students. This model has led many countries to pass laws requiring disabled students be educated in the least restrictive environment: they should be educated with students without disabilities to the maximum extent possible. However, this model ignores the very nature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The autistic brain is different in both function and structure, making deficits in social interaction, inherent and appropriate for their development. This paper explores research on the autistic brain, comorbidities, child development, and trauma associated with forced inclusion for this population. Research on brain function indicates inclusion can be very stressful and can produce anxiety and post-traumatic stress in children with ASD.

Alleviating the Material and Health Challenges of Young Internally Displaced People in North-East Nigeria

Ali Johnson Onoja — 2020-06-12

The increasing rate of attack in the North-Eastern parts of Nigeria has caused the deaths of thousands and thereby forcing many of the residents, including children to abandon their comforts zones. This study assessed the material and health challenges of young IDPs and the impacts of sexual and reproductive health programs in improving the conditions of these young ones. The study was conducted in sixteen local governments of three states (Borno, Adamawa and Yobe) in the North-East of Nigeria using mixed methods. The quantitative data were obtained by the administration of a structured questionnaire to the young IDPs in the three states. The quantitative data were analysed and were complemented by the qualitative data {Focus Group Discussions (FGDs)} that were obtained from the young IDPs. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20. The majority (78.5%) of the young internally displace persons (IDPs) were within the age group of 10-14 years with 51.8% males and 59.1% have attained primary. The major material challenges facing the young IDPs include lack of food (31.6%), clothing (28.7%), Soap/cream (19.8%) and medicine (13.1%). The most common health problems include Malaria (28.9%), cough 23.1%, diarrhoea (18.3%) and cholera (13.1%). The IDPs confirmed that they were fully protected in the camp with no experience of rape. They affirmed that their needs were met by the intervention programs provided for them; 71.7% affirmed that their situation was “Good” since they came to the camps and more than half (55.2%) confirmed a better situation. The training in the IPD camps was mostly artisan related while only 31.7% were schooling. This study found that young IDPs are being faced with material and health-related challenges as well as the lack of proper training and education. However, the outcome of the SRH project is a manifestation of the efficient utilization of the resources of the project. More intervention programs to alleviate the challenges of IDPs are advocated.

Impact of Tourism Policy Implementation in the Development of Regional Tourism Strategic Area (Case Study: Nambo Beach in Kendari City, Indonesia)

Sitti Hairani Idrus — 2020-06-16

This paper aims to analyse the impact of national and regional tourism policy implementation in the development of Nambo Beach tourist destination as one of the Regional Tourism Strategic Area (RTSA) in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Three baselines of government policy are discussed in this paper, namely 2009, 2011 and 2016 baseline due to the government regulation issued in these specific years. Government policy is required regarding improvement of amenity and accessibility of a tourist destination. The method of the research is literature study and observation in the tourist site, the Nambo Beach. In the literature study we conducted analysis the regulation which supported the tourism sector in both national and regional level. Through field survey, we collected primary data from field survey and secondary data from Kendari Statistic Agency regarding the development of tourism infrastructure in and outside the Nambo Beach. The result showed that the regulation established in 2009 and 2011 for national level and 2016 at the regional level have been supporting the development of tourism sector in Kendari particularly the Nambo Beach RTSA as indicated by the growing of the facilities in the Nambo Beach at least 60% as well as the external facilities such as hotels and rooms which growth up in average more than 100% and roads infrastructure was about 150% in the last ten years.