Sexual Propagation of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Varieties in Bataan, Philippines is Affected by Different Combination of Growing Media
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different combinations of growing media on the different varieties of cashew grown in Bataan, Philippines. It aimed to evaluate the number of days to germination, percentage germination, seedling height, number of leaves, leaf area index, and diameter of the stem for the duration of sixty days. It is a two-factor experiment arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of three Bataan cashew varieties as the Factor A and five combinations of growing media as Factor B with three replications. The experimental treatments were as follow: Factor A (Varieties of Cashew): V1-Bataan Variety 1, V2-Bataan Variety 2, V3-Bataan Variety 3; and Factor B (Soil Media): SM1-1 part garden soil, 1 part compost, 1 part sand, SM2-1 part garden soil, 1 part compost, ½ part sand, ½ part carbonized rice hull, SM3-1 part garden soil, 1 part compost, ½ part sand, ½ part coco coir dust, SM4-1 part garden soil, 1 part compost, 1 part carbonized rice hull, and SM5-1 part garden soil, 1 part compost, 1 part coco coir dust. Results revealed that Bataan Variety 1 and Bataan Variety 3 were significantly the earliest to germinate while Bataan Variety 1 significantly had the highest success percentage of 92%, highest number of leaves produced (9.81), and the highest recorded leaf area (50.26 mm2). For growing media, 1 part garden soil, 1 part compost, 1 part coco coir dust significantly had the tallest plants (30.92 cm) and the most number of leaves. Furthermore, the interaction between varieties and growing media showed no significant difference in all parameters stated. These findings will be useful for the cashew growers, producers, nursery propagators in selecting the best growing media to enhanced their sexual propagation.
References
FAO. (2019). FAOSTAT: Top 10 Cashew Nut producing countries in the world - production and area under cultivation Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/
Hammed, L. A., & Adeyemi, E. A. (2005). Germination and seedlings performance of cashew (Anacardium occidentale, Linn) as affected by Nut-Sowing orientations and cotyledon removal. Nigerian Journal of Horticultural Science, 10, 59-64. https://doi.10.4314/njhs.v10i1.3410
Hammed, L. A., Anikwe, J. C., & Adedeji, A. R. (2008). Cashew nuts and production development in Nigeria. American-Eurasian Journal of Scientific Research, 3(1), 5461. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/RasheedAdedeji/publication/237383811_Cashew_Nuts_and_Production_Development_in_Nigeria/links/570cbc5008ae8883a200397c/Cashew-Nuts-and-Production-Development-in-Nigeria.pdf
Mamatha, Y. N. (1998). Nutrition management and use of biofertilizers on container grown cashew grafts. M.Sc. (Horti.) Thesis. Univ. Agri Sci, Bangalore.
Murthy, K, N., Kumer, K.V., Bhagavan, S., Subbaiah, C. C., & Kumaran, P. M. (1985). A rapid non-destructive method of estimating leaf area in cashew. Acta Horticulturae, 108, 46-48. https://doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1985.108.8
Philippine Statistics Authority. (2020). 2015-2019 Crops Statistics of the Philippines. Retrieved from https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Crops%20Statistics%20of%20the%20Philippines%2C%2020152019.pdf?f bclid=IwAR0p0oXi7w4h69nFjw36A12v5cCZJOfF2iusDXKP2Xv6hP7JTFM2emvYLVA
Shetty, K. K., & Melanta, K. R. (1990). Hardening of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) air layers in planting media to improve field establishment. Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24(3), 375-378. Retrieved from https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19930321673
Sriya, U., Rao, K. D., Rao, K. U., Naidu, L. N., & Umakrishna, K. (2022). Effect of growing media and bio fertilizers on seed germination, seedling vigour in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.). The Pharma Innovation Journal, 11(9), 1056-1059.
Usman, M., Shah, M.H., Badar, A., Fatima, B., Sabir, M., & Zaman, Q. (2014). Media steaming and coco-coir enhance growth of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri L.) stock. Pak. J. Agri. Sci., 51(3), 617-625. Retrieved from https://pakjas.com.pk/papers/2318.pdf
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright for this article is retained by the author(s), with first publication rights granted to the journal.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
