Grey Bass Model Based on Weakening Buffer Operator and its Application in New Energy Vehicle Sales Forecast
Abstract
With the enhancement of global environmental awareness and the promotion of technological innovation, the new energy vehicle market has shown a rapid growth trend. However, due to the complexity and variability of the new energy vehicle market, accurately forecasting its sales has become a challenge. In this paper, a grey Bass model based on the weakening buffer operator is proposed for the prediction of NEV sales. This model combines the advantages of the grey system theory and Bass diffusion model, and preprocesses the data through the weakening buffer operator, which improves the accuracy of the prediction. This paper first introduces the basic principle of the grey system theory and Bass diffusion model, then elaborates the construction method of the grey Bass model based on the weakening buffer operator, and verifies the effectiveness of the model through an example. The research results show that the model can better predict the sales volume of new energy vehicles, and provide a scientific basis for the decision of related enterprises.
References
Duan, H. M., & Liu, Y. M. (2021). Research on a grey prediction model based on energy prices and its applications. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 162, 107729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2021.107729
Duan, H. M., Liu, Y. M., & Wang, G. (2022). A novel dynamic time-delay grey model of energy prices and its application in crude oil price forecasting. Energy, 251, 123968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.123968
Duan, H. M., & Pang, X. Y. (2023). A novel grey prediction model with system structure based on energy background: A case study of Chinese electricity. Journal of Cleaner Production, 390, 136099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136099
Duan, H. M., & Wang, G. (2023). Partial differential grey model based on control matrix and its application in short-term traffic flow prediction. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 116, 763–785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2022.12.012
Duan, H. M., Xiao, X. P., Long, J., & Liu, Y. Z. (2020). Tensor alternating least squares grey model and its application to short-term traffic flows. Applied Soft Computing, 89, 106145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2020.106145
Gao, X. F., Zheng, Z. W., Chu, Q. Q., Tang, S. J., Chen, G. H., & Deng, Q. N. (2021). Popularity prediction for single tweet based on heterogeneous Bass model. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 33, 2165–2178. https://doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2019.2952856
He, L. Y., Pei, L. L., & Yang, Y. H. (2020). An optimised grey buffer operator for forecasting the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China. Science of the Total Environment, 704, 135321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135321
Jukic, D. (2011). Total least squares fitting Bass diffusion model. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 53, 1756–1770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2010.12.054
Liang, L. (2021). Novel optimization-based parameter estimation method for the Bass diffusion model. SAGE Open, 11, 21582440211026954. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211026954
Ma, J., & Zhang, L. Y. (2018). A deploying method for predicting the size and optimizing the location of an electric vehicle charging station. Information, 9, 170. https://doi.org/10.3390/info9070170
Tu, L. P., & Chen, Y. (2021). An unequal adjacent grey forecasting air pollution urban model. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 99, 260–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2021.06.025
Yan, S. L., Su, Q., Gong, Z. W., & Zeng, X. Y. (2022). Fractional order time-delay multivariable discrete grey model for short-term online public opinion prediction. Expert Systems with Applications, 197, 116691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.116691
Zeng, B., Duan, H. M., & Zhou, Y. F. (2019). A new multivariable grey prediction model with structure compatibility. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 75, 385–397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2019.05.044
Zeng, B., Ma, X., & Zhou, M. (2020). A new-structure grey Verhulst model for China's tight gas production forecasting. Applied Soft Computing, 96, 106600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2020.106600

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright for this article is retained by the author(s), with first publication rights granted to the journal.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).