The Influence of Colour and Thickness of Nylon Mulch on Soil Temperature, Moisture, Percent Germination and Some Growth Parameters of Cucumber (cucumis sativus L.) Seedlings
Keywords:
black, conserve, horticultural, mulching, plastic, radiation, seeds, solar, vegetable, white
Abstract
Heat, moisture and oxygen are important factors that has controlled seed germination, thus A 2 ×4 factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the influence of colour and thickness of nylon mulch on soil temperature, moisture, percent germination and selected growth indicators of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings in a completely randomized design (CRD), where the treatments; nylon colour (white and black) and thicknesses (0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 mm) were replicated three times. The analysis of variance showed that the white nylon thickness had positive significant (P ≤ 0.05) influence on soil temperature, soil moisture, plant height and number of leaves, while black nylon thickness had positive significant (P ≤ 0.05) influence on soil moisture and plant height and a negative significant (P ≤ 0.01) influence on percent germination, it was also discovered that 1.5 mm thickness of the white nylon contributed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) to the parameters measured, therefore, white nylon of 1.5 mm thickness could be recommended as mulch material for cucumber production in a sandy clay soil.
References
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Katan, J. (1981). Solar heating (solrization) of soil for control of soil- borne pests. Annual review of phytopathology, 78, 1215-1219. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.19.090181.001235.
Kuo, S. (1996). Phosphorus. In Sparks, D. L., (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, SSSA and ASA, Madison (pp. 869-920). Retrieved from https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1234499.
Lamont, W. J. (2005). Plastics: Modifying the microclimate for the production of vegetable crops. HortTechnology, 15, 477-481. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279888606.
Lamont, W. J. (2007). The use of different colored mulches for yield and earliness. Proceedings of the New England vegetable and berry growers conference and trade show, 122. Retrieved from https://www.sba.gov/page/disaster-loan-applications.
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Marinari, S., Mancinelli, R., Campiglia, E., & Grego, S. (2006). Chemical and biological indicators of soil quality in organic and conventional farming systems in Central Italy. Ecological Indicators, 64, 701–711. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.ecolind.2005.08.029
Mutetwa, M., & Mtaita, T. (2014). Effects of mulching and fertilizer sources on growth and yield of onion. Journal Global Innovative Agricultural Social Science, 2, 102-106. https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/2.3.561 http://www.jgiass.com.
Nikolaeva, M. G., Ljanguzova, I. V., & Pozdova, L. M. (2002). Biologija semjan Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk, Botanicheskij Institution, V.A Komarova Sanktpeterburg, Rossija, 232.
Shinomura, T., Nagatani, A., Hanzawa, H., Kubota, M., Watanabe, M., & Furuya, M. (1996). Action spectra for phytochrome A- and phytochrome B-, specific photo-induction of seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Biology. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 93, 8129-8133. Retrieved from https://www.pnas.org/content/93/15/8129.
Smolikowski, B., Piug, H., Roose, E. (2001). Influence of soil protection techniques on runoff, erosion and plant production on semi-arid hillsides of Cabo Verde. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 87, 67-80. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167880900002929.
Spear, J. F., Tekrony, D. M., & Egli, D. B. (2005). Temperature during seed filling and soybean seed germination and vigour. Seed Science and Technology, 25, 233-24. Retrieved from http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=CH1997000338.
Walkley, A. C., & Black, T. A. (1935). Estimation of soil organic carbon by chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 47, 29-38. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40093-017-0179-1.
Watson, E. B., Wark, D. A., & Thomas, J. B. (2006). Crystallization thermometers for zircon and rutile, Contribution Mineral Petrol, 151, 413–433. Retrieved from http://homepages.rpi.edu/home/61/watsoe/yesterday/public_html/research/Watson_etal_CMP06.pdf.
Ahmed, M., Baiyeri, K. P., & Echezona, B. C. (2013). Effect of colored polyethylene mulch and harvesting stage on growth and yield of industrial sugarcane in Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology, 12, 1078-1083. Retrieved from https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajb/article/view/128165.
Bettey, M., & Finch-Savage, W. E. (2000). Stress protein content of mature Brassica seeds and their germination performance. Seed Science Research, 8, 347-355. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2588727.
Bhella, H. S. (2000). Evaluation of mulches for use in home garden. Horticultural Science, 113, 543. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/search?.
Bonanno, A. R., & Lamont, W. J. (1987). Effect of polyethylene mulches, irrigation method and row covers on soil and air temperature and yield of muskmelon. Journal of America Society, 112, 735-738. Retrieved from https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US875707988.
Bouyoucous, G. H. (1962). Hydrometer Method Improved for Making Particle Size Analysis of Soils. Agronomy Journal, 54, 464-465. Retrieved from https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1117225.
Bremner, J. M. (1996). Total Nitrogen. In: Sparks, D.L., Ed., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, SSSA and ASA, Madison, 1123–1184. Retrieved from https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1229275.
Decoteau, D., Kasperbauer, I., & Hunt, P. G. (2000). Mulch surface colour affects yield of fresh market tomatoes. Journal America Horticultural Science, 114, 216-220. Retrieved from http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US8923047.
Díaz-Pérez, J. C. (2010). Bell pepper (Capsicum annum L.) grown on plastic film mulches: effects on crop Micro environment, physiological attributes, and fruit yield. Horticulture Science, 45, 1196–1204. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235257120.
El-Aidy, F., El-Zawely, A., Hassan, N., & El-Sawy, M. (2007). Effect of Plastic Tunnel Size on Production of Cucumber in Delta of Egypt. Apply Ecological Environmental Research, 5(2), 11-24. Retrieved from http://www.aloki.hu/pdf/0502_011024.pdf.
El-Wanis, A., Mona, M., Abdel-Baky, M. H., & Salman S. R. (2012). Effect of grafting and salt stress on the growth, yield and quality of cucumber grown in NFT system. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 8(10), 5059-5067. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286168004.
Franquera, E. N. (2015). Leaf Morphological Characteristics of Leaf Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) as Affected by Different Colored Plastic Mulch. Current Agriculture Research Journal, 3(1), 20-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CARJ.3.1.04.
Franquera, E. N. (2011). Influence of Different Colored Plastic Mulch on the Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Journal of Ornamental and Horticultural Plants. 1, 97-104. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6d2b/95e5fc47112e17e4bbabbe29e63e6d400754.pdf.
Gee, G. W., & Or B. D. (2002). Particle size analysis. In: J. H. dane and G. C. Topp (eds). Methods of soil analysis part, 4, 255-293. Retrieved from https://www.scirp.org/(S(i43dyn45teexjx455qlt3d2q))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1612861.
Hanada, T. (1991). The Effect of Mulching and Row Covers on Vegetable Production. Publication of Chugoku Agriculture Experimentation Station., Japan. 23. Retrieved from https://www.fftc.org.tw/htmlarea_file/library/20110801145616/eb332.pdf.
Ibarra-Jiménez, L., Quezada-Martín, M. R., & Rosa-Ibarra, M. (2004). The effect of plastic mulch and row covers on the growth and physiology of cucumber. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 44, 91–94. https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1071%2FEA02088.
Ibeawuchi, I. I., Iheoma, O. R., Obilo O. P., & Obiefuna, J. C. (2008). Effect of Time of Mulch Application on the Growth and Yield of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) in Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria. Life Science Journal, 5(1), 68-71. Retrieved from http://www.lifesciencesite.com/lsj/life0501/20_life0501_90_93_effect.pdf.
Katan, J. (1981). Solar heating (solrization) of soil for control of soil- borne pests. Annual review of phytopathology, 78, 1215-1219. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.19.090181.001235.
Kuo, S. (1996). Phosphorus. In Sparks, D. L., (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3, Chemical Methods, SSSA and ASA, Madison (pp. 869-920). Retrieved from https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1234499.
Lamont, W. J. (2005). Plastics: Modifying the microclimate for the production of vegetable crops. HortTechnology, 15, 477-481. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279888606.
Lamont, W. J. (2007). The use of different colored mulches for yield and earliness. Proceedings of the New England vegetable and berry growers conference and trade show, 122. Retrieved from https://www.sba.gov/page/disaster-loan-applications.
Liakatas, A. J., Clark, A., & Monteith, J. L. (2005). Measurement of the heat balance under plastic mulches part 1. Radiation balance and soil heat flux. Agriculture for Meteorology, 36, 227-239. Retrieved from https://europepmc.org/article/agr/ind86039464.
Marinari, S., Mancinelli, R., Campiglia, E., & Grego, S. (2006). Chemical and biological indicators of soil quality in organic and conventional farming systems in Central Italy. Ecological Indicators, 64, 701–711. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.ecolind.2005.08.029
Mutetwa, M., & Mtaita, T. (2014). Effects of mulching and fertilizer sources on growth and yield of onion. Journal Global Innovative Agricultural Social Science, 2, 102-106. https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/2.3.561 http://www.jgiass.com.
Nikolaeva, M. G., Ljanguzova, I. V., & Pozdova, L. M. (2002). Biologija semjan Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk, Botanicheskij Institution, V.A Komarova Sanktpeterburg, Rossija, 232.
Shinomura, T., Nagatani, A., Hanzawa, H., Kubota, M., Watanabe, M., & Furuya, M. (1996). Action spectra for phytochrome A- and phytochrome B-, specific photo-induction of seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Biology. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 93, 8129-8133. Retrieved from https://www.pnas.org/content/93/15/8129.
Smolikowski, B., Piug, H., Roose, E. (2001). Influence of soil protection techniques on runoff, erosion and plant production on semi-arid hillsides of Cabo Verde. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 87, 67-80. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167880900002929.
Spear, J. F., Tekrony, D. M., & Egli, D. B. (2005). Temperature during seed filling and soybean seed germination and vigour. Seed Science and Technology, 25, 233-24. Retrieved from http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=CH1997000338.
Walkley, A. C., & Black, T. A. (1935). Estimation of soil organic carbon by chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 47, 29-38. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40093-017-0179-1.
Watson, E. B., Wark, D. A., & Thomas, J. B. (2006). Crystallization thermometers for zircon and rutile, Contribution Mineral Petrol, 151, 413–433. Retrieved from http://homepages.rpi.edu/home/61/watsoe/yesterday/public_html/research/Watson_etal_CMP06.pdf.
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