https://j.ideasspread.org/index.php/les/issue/feed 2025-01-29T22:09:44+08:00 Aaina Beniwal les@ideasspread.org Open Journal Systems <p>Law, Economics and Society (LES) is an international, double-blind peer-reviewed, open-access journal published by IDEAS SPREAD INC. It provides an academic platform for professionals and researchers to contribute innovative work in the field.&nbsp;It carries&nbsp;original and full-length articles that reflect the latest research and developments in both theoretical and practical aspects of law, economics and society.&nbsp;</p> https://j.ideasspread.org/index.php/les/article/view/1418 2025-01-22T20:02:25+08:00 Zahoor Ahmad Dar zahoordar.psscholar@universityofkashmir.net Shahid Javid zahoordar.psscholar@universityofkashmir.net

<p class="text">This manuscript explores the intricate and multifaceted geopolitical frictions between the United States and the People’s Republic of China, which have crystallized as a salient characteristic of contemporary international relations. By scrutinizing the historical antecedents of this rivalry, the discourse elucidates pivotal determinants exacerbating the burgeoning tensions, encompassing trade disputes, military posturing, and a burgeoning technological rivalry. This study endeavours to untangle the intricacies of US-China relations and their ramifications for global equilibrium through a rigorous analysis of diplomatic overtures, space race, and security dilemmas. Furthermore, the paper assesses the agency of regional actors and multilateral institutions in modulating the dynamics of this rivalry. Finally, this study’s evaluation aspires to furnish insights into prospective trajectories for conflict resolution and cooperative engagement, underscoring the paramount significance of dialogue and strategic management in navigating the complexities engendered by this critical geopolitical milieu.</p>

2025-01-22T00:00:00+08:00 ##submission.copyrightStatement## https://j.ideasspread.org/index.php/les/article/view/1422 2025-01-29T22:09:44+08:00 Cristiano De Angelis cristiano.deangelis@skema.edu

<p>Shared governance through popular participation and social oversight represents a significant challenge and opportunity in combating corruption and enhancing public policy effectiveness. This study, which involved a survey of 101 refugees in Brazil and employed Structural Equation Modeling, proposes a theoretical model titled <em>Popular Participation and Cultural Change to Reduce Corruption (PMRC)</em>.</p> <p>Given Venezuela's status as the largest oil producer in the world, the research focused on the following central question: <em>What is the impact of Venezuelans' social participation in public policies related to gasoline supply?</em></p> <p>Despite receiving financial aid from China and Russia to support both the public and private sectors, the Venezuelan government charges $1.36 per liter of gasoline—the highest price in Latin America—despite a production cost of only $0.035 per liter.</p> <p>The study's key conclusion is that the governments of Venezuela and Peru are exploiting societal ignorance by closing educational institutions and restricting access to comprehensive knowledge, limiting citizens to only basic information.</p> <p>The research model suggests that promoting knowledge-sharing within society and with other nations holds transformative potential for national cultural change, ultimately contributing to the reduction of corruption. The study emphasizes that combating corruption requires shifting from a purely legalistic approach to fostering an ethical cultural transformation, beginning with exemplary governance practices.</p>

2025-01-29T00:00:00+08:00 ##submission.copyrightStatement##