Evaluation and Analysis of the Production, Consumption, and Market of Potato in Iran

Abstract

Potato is considered as the third most critical crop in Iran after wheat and rice. The average per capita consumption of potatoes in Iran is approximately 45 kg per year. Hence, this product is essential in the food basket. In the last three decades, the area under cultivation by potatoes and production in Iran mainly depended on climatic conditions and various policies. For this reason, the production process has been accompanied by fluctuations. This research has employed an analytical-correlational method that examines the status of potatoes from different aspects, production, consumption, export, price, cultivation status, export target countries, guaranteed price trends, and the relationships between variables. Information from the Ministry of Agriculture- jahad, organizations, and reports from statistical and customs centers has been used for data analysis. According to the results, the price fluctuation of this product in 2020 is less than the consumer price index. Moreover, the amount of exports has increased as much as 83% compared to previous years. In 2020, 1148 thousand tons were produced, and in 2021, it is predicted that 1105 thousand tons of net surplus will be produced. The study of variable relationships shows a positive and significant relationship between the market price of potatoes and the guaranteed price with the amount of production, producer price index, and the guaranteed price of potatoes. Still, no relationship was observed between the price relationship and exports.